List of required organisational levels and their value
Error analysis for authorizations (part 1)
You can customise the AIS cockpit to your needs. To do this, use the customising that you will also find in the transaction SAIS under the button Administration of the audit environment. Select Configure Audit Cockpit and you can define a default audit structure, the maximum line length for log entries, and the number of log entries per audit step.
Access to this data is critical, since the hash values can possibly be decrypted using tools, thus enabling unauthorized logon to the SAP system. Since identical passwords are often used for different systems, the determined password may also be usable for downstream systems. The current or former hash values of the passwords are stored in the tables USR02, USH02, USRPWDHISTORY, USH02_ARC_TMP, VUSER001 and VUSR02_PWD. These tables can be accessed either via classic table access transactions such as SE16 or via database administration transactions such as DBACOCKPIT. The authorizations required for table access via database tools depend on the respective system configuration and should be verified via an authorization trace (transaction STAUTHTRACE), if necessary.
Hash values of user passwords
Two other very important settings are the activation of the security audit log and the table logging. Both parameters must be activated in order to ensure traceability at the user level as well as at the table level. It should therefore be checked whether the detailed settings for the security audit log are set up in accordance with the company's specifications and, in any case, whether all users with comprehensive authorizations, such as SAP_ALL, are fully covered by the logging without exception.
With more than 28 users, the simple Copy & Paste in the user selection no longer works. However, this does not mean that you have to care for all users individually! It is common for you to make mass changes to users in the SAP system, such as changing role assignments, locking a group of users, or having to adjust their validity dates. Unfortunately, there is no button in the start image of the transaction SU10 that allows users to be pasted from the clipboard. While Copy & Paste allows you to insert users from the clipboard, this feature is limited to the visible area. Therefore, it is not possible to add a list of more than 28 users, which can be very difficult for long lists.
During go-live, the assignment of necessary authorizations is particularly time-critical. The "Shortcut for SAP systems" application provides functions for this purpose, so that the go-live does not get bogged down because of missing authorizations.
In addition, it may only be approved and activated after a justified request and only under the dual control principle.
The website www.sap-corner.de offers a lot of useful information about SAP authorizations.
However, if other users come onto the system and you only want to allow them access to a limited number of personnel, then in the case of the general authorizations you have to deal with the organization key of infotype 1 (VSDK1), which must be hard-coded into the authorization roles.